IPD与BIM

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建筑领域的IPD与百度搜索出来的那个产品开发领域的定义不是一回事，建筑或BIM语境下的IPD是指整合的项目交付方法（Integrated Project Delivery），是FM和建筑界一直追求的一种高度整合的工程项目的交付方式，在BIM技术诞生之前的20世纪就已经存在了。21世纪初BIM技术开始逐渐普及之后，IPD的理想就更容易实现。上述均为国外情况，国内几无。
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! x( o/ K3 ^9 T5 e& k9 u' M5 z9 P以下摘自美国WBDG对于IPD的定义：
( i1 Y+ }/ B* L2 P0 N  gIntegrated Project Delivery (IPD) is an approach to the design and construction process that is based on shared risk and reward, and open exchange of information that is intended to optimize project results. IPD unifies the Project Delivery Team at the beginning of the project with the shared goal of project success.

The principles of IPD can be applied to a project in two ways—IPD as a Philosophy and IPD as a Delivery Method. IPD as a Philosophy occurs when integrated practices or philosophies are applied to more traditional project delivery methods such as Design/Bid/ Build, Design/Build, and CM at-Risk. The degree of collaboration may vary with IPD as Philosophy, but most or all elements are not contractually binding. IPD as a Delivery Method occurs when an Owner signs a multi-party contract with key members of the Project Delivery Team that incentivizes collaboration, team risk-sharing, and other IPD principles and practices.

图中展现出来IPD和BIM分属不同的领域，有所交叉。
, m0 |8 Y7 b! _2 _( D资料来源：WBDG参考资料

AIA（美国建筑师学会）描述的IPD方法下的BIM技术，其数据交换流程如下：

利用现有的多个软件整合使用，达到全生命期的信息协作，以得到IPD的效果。这些软件主要就是现在就在被广泛使用的成熟软件：微软的Excel、Access，ARCHIBUS，Autodesk的Revit、Navisworks，及其他。

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建筑或BIM语境下的IPD是指整合的项目交付方法（Integrated Project Delivery），是FM和建筑界一直追求的一种高度整合的工程项目的交付方式