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签到天数: 2 天 [LV.1]初来乍到
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排列图的绘制
- |. ~: S' m, E& D. c0 d9 G( v绘图函数pareto
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用pareto绘图程序:
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排列图
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+ X& I/ n, g3 V% Z- z* w' ZY=[1 2 5 3.3 0.9 5.2];
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names={'一队' '二队' '三队' '四队' '五队' '六队'};9 p( V5 Y* Q- V! p2 R: Q/ V
' o2 H# z% u2 y8 iX=[1 2 3 4 5 6];
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' K1 ~- l8 V& I9 t0 N: [subplot(211)$ |1 ? N+ I- \; e6 i
( q5 }& _, f" _: w8 ^pareto(Y,names)%x轴的下标标识为names
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, l) v$ w. f" m; o' x( J6 C, p# d" { @0 ]title('排列图示例一')
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subplot(212)
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pareto(Y,X)" Y, r7 _/ [+ D! m) i2 a. _
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title('排列图示例二')%x轴下标有x指定
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+ Z! ^4 \4 {7 K3 A, `运行结果: (y轴左侧是标注累积曲线的 )
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& k3 J4 r% ` y- `pareto(Y) labels each bar with its element index in Y and also plots a line displaying the cumulative sum of Y., X# M/ f! G: z- E, c6 I
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用stem,stem3绘制柄状图! L4 y2 G) W8 r5 w( Q2 n8 `/ F
* o/ I. R* l+ d# ]; d8 O1 ]用stem绘图程序:
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2 R+ |! l- c/ g/ N5 ]7 N" q二维柄状图
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y=linspace(0,2*pi,10)
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stem(cos(y),'fill','-.')%对离散图的末端进行了填充
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4 r' N* e( k, Z5 k Y1 utitle('二维柄状图示例');. j9 d- R0 c, S* \
" P. f8 r6 U/ @) P4 I- R8 c运行结果: _4 e: K% E% }0 |
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* R. V. F# m. ~1 p阶梯图的绘制
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绘图函数stairs
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使用stairs指令,可画出阶梯图,其精神和柄状图相近,只是将目前资料点的高度向右水平画至下一点为止。
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用scatter,scatter3绘制散点图' h# @/ G- Q/ w( u5 k
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散点图指令scatter3标志三维数据点,前三个输入宗量必须是同长的向量。4 _ `/ |7 c O+ s3 h3 I
9 {: k2 {7 _0 f/ }6 B" G0 \$ ~用scatter绘图程序:
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二维散点图: _2 U0 `$ K0 B4 N. v
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x=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的x,y轴的坐标1 S _! E& O* O) J6 r. F1 q
y=rand(1,100)*100;8 M" [; X. B$ m( W, O! b5 M
s=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的大小) h: g' J2 s, A) O, g. T- k4 y
c=rand(1,100)*255;%绘制图标的颜色- C* E) E/ _7 X; R6 G. c- g
subplot(2,1,1)
( B! y; H. F: y/ [3 d2 dscatter(x,y);%绘制具有默认大小与颜色的二维散点图
4 \& Q% \( V: ~7 p1 F: o$ Atitle('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y)');" s- U) M. L* c) I8 D: v8 \/ O
subplot(2,1,2)' }: K6 u/ k7 d: E$ ^& t W4 Y% Z
scatter(x,y,s,c);%绘制由参数s、c定义的二维散点图
8 P1 i3 C5 x, ]! {( F' jtitle('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y,s,c)');
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& ?8 t& {0 [1 i" H5 ?( P2 i) yscatter(X,Y,S,C) displays colored circles at the locations specified by the vectors X and Y (which must be the same size).
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! N6 P" o8 p! u$ nS determines the area of each marker (specified in points^2). S can be a vector the same length as X and Y or a scalar. If S is a scalar, MATLAB draws all the markers the same size. If S is empty, the default size is used.
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. g6 Z6 b3 s* k! t: E/ \. ^( S5 {C determines the color of each marker. When C is a vector the same length as X and Y, the values in C are linearly mapped to the colors in the current colormap. When C is a 1-by-3 matrix, it specifies the colors of the markers as RGB values. If you have 3 points in the scatter plot and wish to have the colors be indices into the colormap, C should be a 3-by-1 matrix. C can also be a color string (see ColorSpec for a list of color string specifiers).
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[x,y,z]=sphere(16);%获取球体的坐标
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Y=y(:);
4 \3 C" O V, P* vZ=z(:);%矩阵的转换9 k% u! u. W# n
S=floor((abs(Z)+1)*50);
0 t5 ~9 y9 `6 h. `9 XC=floor(abs(Z)*255);%定义图标大小和颜色与球体的纬度有关
" H2 p4 x, I4 f9 h& T4 g1 hscatter3(X,Y,Z,S,C,'filled')%绘制三维散点图,填充图标
1 g- z1 Q2 ?* @# V# r5 D6 Jtitle('三维散点图:球体示例')
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B = floor(A) rounds the elements of A to the nearest integers less than or equal to A. For complex A, the imaginary and real parts are rounded independently.
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用plotmatrix绘制矩阵的散点图
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% k- p% K9 @$ ^指令 plotmatrix 有两种基本调用方式:
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4 }( R4 ?6 T a7 j7 `) R(1)对于数据矩阵p*n 维的 X 和p*m 维的 Y ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X,Y) 将画出一个分割成m*n 个子散点图。其中第(i,j) 个子散点图是根据 Y 第i 列和 X 第j 列数据画出的。(2)对于数据矩阵 p*n维的 X ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X) 将画出分割成n*n 个子块的图。该图的对角块,画出的是 X 每列的数据的频数直方图;而其他子块是相应列构成的散点图。该指令可用来观察数据矩阵(或同一矩阵列向量)间的统计关系。
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y=x*[-1 2 1;2 0 1;1 -2 3];%定义绘制矩阵值
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' M# L0 X+ K( Z* T8 E/ l5 c. p9 ctitle('绘制3×3散点图矩阵')* g0 C( ?* I) {# n) f2 p4 W
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2 Z0 G; z |1 O3 E$ k3 Kplotmatrix(X,Y) scatter plots the columns of X against the columns of Y. If X is p-by-m and Y is p-by-n, plotmatrix produces an n-by-m matrix of axes.- m: U$ m' V7 O+ N& ]. ^: {9 E& |% ^
! Y* G0 N; D$ L' O4 W7 Iplotmatrix(X) is the same as plotmatrix(X,X), except that the diagonal is replaced by hist(X(:,i)).
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contour(Z):绘制矩阵Z的等高线图,其中Z为相对X-Y平面的高度,Z必须是至少2*2的矩阵且其中至少有两个不同的值。等高线的级数和各级等高线的数值是基于Z的最大和最小值之间自动选取的,X和Y的范围分别是[1:n]和[1:m], 其中[m,n] = size(Z)。
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. j. Q+ t, U- _8 n0 N# g3 rcontour(Z,n):绘制矩阵Z的n级等高线图, }% F+ K4 }% I/ N
[C,h] = contour(...) returns a contour matrix, C, derived from the matrix returned by the low-level contourc function, and a handle, h, to a contourgroup object. clabel uses the contour matrix C to create the labels.
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[X,Y]=meshgrid(-2:.2:2,-2:.2:3);%表面网格函数
8 ~' v2 C7 q8 A$ ^Z=X.*exp(-X.^2-Y.^2);8 g) P- j0 t x
[C,h]=contour(X,Y,Z,10);%绘制轮廓线
7 w! E# P* H- l! O: M+ o7 t1 |" Bclabel(C,h)%对轮廓线进行标注
& Y4 j6 E0 }+ {, ?" {2 ?3 Ltitle('二维轮廓图示例')/ ]9 L# r" C7 r& H$ L3 x
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