基于51单片机火灾报警系统设计

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基于51单片机火灾报警系统设计

/ p' A/ H2 }2 o# A) @: k摘 要
目前，随着电子产品在人类生活中的使用越来越广泛，由此引起的火灾也越来越多，在我们生活得四周到处潜伏着火灾隐患。为了避免火灾以及减少火灾造成的损失，我们必须按照“隐患险于明火，防患胜于救灾，责任重于泰山”的概念设计和完善火灾自动报警系统，将火灾消灭在萌芽状态，最大限度地减少社会财富的损失。
本文设计了一种基于单片机 8051、集成语音芯片 ISD1420、A／D转换器 , 集成温度传感器 AD590 和气体传感器 TGS202等, 利用多传感器信息融合技术 , 完成语音报警的实用、可靠的单片机语音自动报警系统 , 着重讲述了该系统的组成形式及工作原理。实践表明 , 单片机技术在系统报警和其它一些自动控制领域中有着广泛的应用前景。

该系统能自动完成对布测点检测，确认火警后能自动报警，并显示火情点，记录火灾发生时间。本系统可安装在各防火单位，它负责不断地向所监视的现场发车巡检信号，监视现场的温度、浓度等，并不断反馈给报警控制器，控制器将接到的信号与内存的正常整定值比较、判断确定火灾。当发生火灾时，可实现语音报警、故障自诊断、浓度显示、报警限设置、延时报警等，是一种结构简单、性能稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的烟雾传感器，具有一定的实用价值。

关键词 ： 火灾报警 ; 单片机 ; 传感器


Abstract
Now, with electronic products used in human life more and more widely, the resulting fire, more and more, we live in fire hazards lurking around
' x# D+ m+ @" j' ^' q" @- Ueverywhere. T o avoid fires and reduce fire losses, we must follow the "hidden dangers fire in prevention is better than disaster relief, the responsibility is extremely heavy ," the concept design and improvement of automatic fire alARM system, fire nipped in the bud, the maximum reduce the loss of social wealth.

' i) a' Y# m8 T% c5 t8 jThis paper design a method that use single chip computer and digital voice chip ISD1420 to realize remote voice alarm, gives out the hardware
, j+ G4 V* l+ v1 W0 m. mstructure and software of system, Based on the single-chip microcomputer 80C51, and speech chip ISD1420,temperature sensor AD590 and gas sensor TGS202 are used, and the multi-sensors information processing method is adopted . Practice the enunciation,The single-chip microcomputer technique has the extensively applied foreground in system alarm and other automatic control realm.
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' z6 D7 {% G: i) W% x. g* l( zThis system can automatically to monitor the points which are acute to temperature. It can also send out alarm, show the points and record the occurring time when a fire has broke out. The system can be installed in all fire units, which is responsible for continuously monitoring the site to start the inspection signal, monitor the site of temperature, concentration, and continuous feedback to the alarm controller, the controller will receive the signal and the normal memory setting value was determined by comparing to determine the fire. When fire occurs, can achieve sound and light alarm, fault diagnosis, concentration display, alarm limit settings and delay alarm is a simple structure, stable peRFormance, easy to use, inexpensive,intelligent
smoke sensor, has some practical value.
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; m+ O, C% c/ w/ VKeywords ： Fire alarm ; mcu ; Transducer

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